Genetic engineering is a laboratory technique used by scientists to change the DNA of living organisms. DNA is the blueprint for the individuality of an organism. The organism relies upon the information stored in its DNA for the management of every biochemical process. The life, growth and unique features of the organism depend on its DNA. The segments of DNA which have been associated with specific features or functions of an organism are called genes. There are a number of ways through which genetic engineering is accomplished.

Isolation of the genes of interest, Insertion of the genes into a transfer vector, Transfer of the vector to the organism to be modified . Selection of the genetically modified organism (GMO) from those that have not been successfully modified . Because of commercial interests, the public is being denied the right to know about GE ingredients in the food chain, and therefore losing the right to avoid them despite the presence of labelling laws in certain countries.